Document Type : Review Article
Authors
1
Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
2
BSN, Omid Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3
MSc of Clinical Psychology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
4
MSc of Health Education and Promotion, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
5
Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
6
Department of Medical Education, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
10.22034/meb.2023.418132.1084
Abstract
Background: Nursing entrepreneurship presents promising opportunities for nurses. However, the development of entrepreneurship in nursing still faces several challenges. This overview aims to review and summarize the main characteristics of nursing entrepreneurship, including its concept, barriers, and opportunities in today's healthcare landscape.
Materials and Methods: In this overview, online databases (Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, ProQuest, CIVILICA, and Google Scholar search engine) were searched in both English and Persian up to March 2023, using combinations of keywords such as "nursing entrepreneurship", "nursing entrepreneurial", "barriers of nursing entrepreneurship", "opportunities of nursing entrepreneurship", "nurses", and "nursing students".
Results: A total of five reviews and two systematic reviews were included. The concept of entrepreneurship in nursing was related to personal and professional characteristics, such as autonomy, independence, flexibility, innovation, proactivity, self-confidence, and responsibility. The study identified seven barriers: fear, lack of knowledge and skills, prior working culture experience, decision-making policies and regulations, health insurance limitations, colleague jealousy, and unprofessional attitudes. Two supporting factors were also recognized: knowledge and skills, and the ability to seek opportunities. It was found that entrepreneurial nurses require personal, interpersonal, commercial, and strategic skills, and both internal and external stimuli are necessary to motivate nurses to overcome these challenges.
Conclusion: Entrepreneurial nurses require personal, interpersonal, commercial, and strategic skills. Therefore, it is essential to identify the challenges and needs of entrepreneurial nurses and address their obstacles to create the necessary foundations for nursing entrepreneurship, enabling them to effectively meet the health needs of individuals and communities. The barriers facing entrepreneurial nurses primarily stem from a lack of entrepreneurial knowledge, experience, and skills.
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